Match each PCBA risk with the appropriate SPI, AOI, X-ray, or project-defined test method. EBest PCBA confirms inspection coverage, acceptance criteria, and required records from your project files before quotation.
No single inspection method covers every defect. Start with the failure risk, then define the inspection method, required record, and acceptance criteria before production.
| Inspection Risk / Requirement | Primary method | Typical evidence | Confirm Before Quotation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Paste volume, area, offset or bridging | 3D SPI | Measurement result and flagged location | Paste limits, control plan and record requirement |
| Missing, wrong, shifted or visibly defective components | 3D AOI | Reference designator, image and disposition | Approved BOM, centroid data and component library |
| BGA, QFN and other hidden solder joints | X-RAY | Inspection image and identified condition | Package scope, void criteria, sampling and report delivery |
| First-board component value and reference match | FAI | First-article verification record | BOM revision, approved alternates, and approved assembly data |
| Open, short or component-level electrical checks | ICT / FLYING PROBE | Project-defined electrical test result | Test access, coverage, fixture and ownership |
| Product behavior, interfaces and operating limits | FCT | Project-defined functional test result | Firmware, fixture, procedure, limits and golden sample |
Equipment selection depends on the package, defect type, and records required for the project. The specifications below are reference values; final equipment selection is confirmed from the board and assembly requirements.
SPI checks solder-paste conditions before placement; AOI evaluates visible component and solder-joint conditions after assembly.
Used where visible inspection cannot fully evaluate hidden interconnects, including BGA and other bottom-terminated packages.
Supports component-value and first-board verification before the build moves into further production.
Electrical and functional tests are configured around project access, test coverage, fixtures, software, firmware and acceptance limits.
The inspection plan can include incoming inspection, SPI, first-article verification, AOI, X-ray, electrical or functional testing, and final inspection. Not every project requires every step.
Material, package and incoming-document checks.
Check solder paste before component placement.
BOM, reference and first-board verification.
Visible placement and solder conditions reviewed.
Hidden joints reviewed where package risk requires it.
Project-defined electrical or functional verification.
Complete final inspection and the required outgoing records.
Equipment alone does not define what inspection records will be retained or delivered. Confirm report fields, image requirements, sampling rules, acceptance limits, and disposition requirements before quotation.
This preview shows the structure that should be agreed. It does not claim a customer result or guarantee that every project receives every record.
These are planning examples, not customer case studies. The actual inspection plan depends on the approved files, package risks, and acceptance requirements.
Representative engineering review for PCB layout, inspection planning and project requirements.Prioritize paste control, first-article verification, AOI and a defined X-ray scope. Confirm void criteria, image retention, and first-build acceptance requirements.
Connect SMT and through-hole inspection with AOI, visual criteria and project-defined electrical or functional checks.
Use the approved BOM and inspection plan, define lot or serial records, and document exceptions and approved changes.
Inspection equipment is only one part of supplier qualification. Review manufacturing capability, assembly, quality controls, and compliance documentation together.
You can start with the files already available. EBest PCBA will identify missing information and confirm what is still needed before quotation.
Send Gerber or ODB++, BOM, assembly data, and test requirements. EBest PCBA will confirm the proposed inspection plan, missing information, and required records before quotation.
Request an Inspection Plan Review